The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced on December 20, 2024, that the United States prevailed in its dispute under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) challenging certain Mexican biotechnology measures concerning genetically engineered (GE) corn. Under a February 2023 presidential decree, Mexico banned immediately the use of GE corn in dough and tortillas and instructed government agencies to eliminate gradually the use of GE corn for other food uses and in animal feed. The United States brought six legal claims under the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Chapter and one legal claim under the National Treatment and Market Access for Goods Chapter of the USMCA and requested that a dispute settlement panel be established. According to USDA, the USMCA panel agreed with the United States on all seven legal claims, “finding that Mexico’s measures are not based on science and undermine the market access that Mexico agreed to provide in the USMCA.” The panel issued its final report to the parties on December 20, 2024. Under USMCA rules, Mexico has 45 days from the date of the final report to comply with the panel’s findings.