Annual Reporting on ISO/ESPP Transactions

As originally discussed in our December 16, 2010 blog article, the IRS issued final regulations in 2009 under Section 6039 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) that require employers to annually furnish each employee who exercised incentive stock options (“ISOs”) or sold or otherwise transferred shares acquired under an employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) during a year with a detailed information statement by January 31 of the following year. In addition, employers must generally file an information return with the IRS by February 28 of the following year, or by March 31 for employers filing electronically. These due dates are delayed until the next business day if they otherwise fall on a weekend.

Information Statements to Employees for 2024 ISO/ESPP Transactions

If in 2024 an employee exercised an ISO (i.e. a stock option described in Section 422 of the Code), the Employer must provide the employee with a written information statement by January 31, 2025. Form 3921 should be used for this purpose (click on these two IRS links for additional information Form 3921 About Form 3921). However, a qualifying substitute form may also be used so long as it contains the required information. Only one transaction can be reported on a Form 3921. In other words, an employee will receive more than one Form 3921 from his/her employer for a calendar year if the employee effected more than one ISO exercise in such year.

If in 2024 legal title to stock purchased under an ESPP (i.e. a plan described in Section 423 of the Code) was transferred from the employee to a third party, and such transfer was the first transfer of such shares, the employer must provide the employee with a written information statement by January 31, 2025. Form 3922 or a qualifying substitute form may be used (click on these two IRS links for additional information Form 3922 About Form 3922). Only one transaction can be reported on a Form 3922 or in other words, an employee may receive more than one Form 3922 from his/her employer for a calendar year.

Information Reporting to the IRS

In addition, employers must file an information return with the IRS by February 28, 2025 (or by March 31, 2025 for employers filing electronically). The information returns must be filed on Form 3921 for ISO transactions and Form 3922 for ESPP transfers. In other words, unlike for the employee information statements, no substitute form can be used for the information returns filed with the IRS.

Related Information

Please note that the Forms 3921/3922 that are filed with the IRS must be scannable. Employers can order the official IRS forms from the IRS, either by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676) or via online and the IRS will mail the employers the scannable forms and other products. Employers filing paper copies must also include IRS Form 1096. Employers filing electronically must have a Transmitter Control Code (see here for application process). Additionally, employers with ten or more information returns must file electronically. 

The failure to timely furnish the information statements, or timely file the information returns, can result in penalties to the employer including fines for each deficient statement or return.

Keep in mind that other reporting obligations may arise upon the disposition of stock acquired under an ISO or an ESPP, such as including the employee’s income from the disposition of stock on Form W-2.

Employers should review their administration of any 2024 ISO and ESPP transactions in order to ensure that they will be able to timely prepare and file the requisite reports.

IRS Release of New Section 83(b) Election Form 15620

As another reminder, in late 2024, the IRS released a new Section 83(b) election Form 15620. As noted on Form 15620, when substantially nonvested property is transferred in connection with the performance of services, the person who performs the services may elect under IRC Section 83(b) to currently include in their gross income the excess (if any) of the property’s fair market value at the time of the transfer over the amount (if any) paid for the property at the time of transfer, rather than when the property later becomes substantially vested. A Section 83(b) election must be filed no later than 30 days after the date the property was transferred. In accordance with IRC Section 7503, if the thirtieth day following the transfer of property falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, the election will be considered timely filed if it is postmarked by the next succeeding day which is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday. Form 15620 has been made downloadable and fillable in a pdf format. Using Form 15620 is not mandatory and taxpayers can continue to use another compliant Section 83(b) election form if desired.