On January 8, 2025, the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced $6 million in funding for three projects that will advance biofuel development and support U.S. leadership in energy and emissions innovation. According to BETO, the projects will support research to improve performance and reduce costs of high-impact biofuel production technologies; scale up production systems with industry; and support the U.S bioeconomy. The projects will support DOE’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Grand Challenge goals by developing biofuel technologies that use sustainable biomass and waste feedstocks while also providing industry with new technologies to meet EPA’s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Program requirements to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and expand the renewable fuels sector, reducing reliance on imported transportation fuel, heating oil, and jet fuel. Using agricultural residues and wet wastes, BETO notes that the projects also align with its 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23), an assessment of domestic renewable carbon resources that estimates that the United States can sustainably provide 134 million tons of agricultural residues and 32 million tons of wet waste in the near-term. The funding will address the development of advanced biofuels through pre-pilot scale-up of integrated biorefinery technologies. The following projects were selected:

• Air Company Holdings, Brooklyn, New York — Biogenic Carbon Dioxide to Drop-in Sustainable Aviation Fuel;
• Erg Bio Inc., Dublin, California — Demonstration of the ASPIRE Feedstock Flexible Biomass Deconstruction and Conversion Technology at the Pre-pilot Scale; and
• Terragia Biofuels, Hanover, New Hampshire — Continuous Conversion of Corn Stover to Ethanol Using Engineered Thermophilic Bacteria.