A new bill – the Import Security and Fairness Act – introduced in the U.S. House by Rep. Earl Blumenauer, chair of the House Ways and Means Trade Subcommittee, would require all imports from non-market economies, such as China and Vietnam, as well as countries on the United States’ “intellectual property watch list,” to 1) go through a formal customs entry process and 2) pay tariffs, regardless of the value of the imported items.  

Current U.S. law permits entries worth less than $800 to avoid formal customs clearance and payment of duties.

In a press release accompanying the proposed legislation, Rep. Blumenauer noted the aim of the act is to respond to the skyrocketing volume of small-value packages coming into the U.S. In the view of the bill’s supporters, exporters in countries such as China “exploit” the customs entry de minimis provision by lowering the price of their merchandise through the use of forced labor or intellectual property theft, and by exporting large quantities of packages valued at less than $800, thereby avoiding tariffs and customs scrutiny.  

The act, if passed by the Senate and signed into law, would require packages currently benefitting from tariff exemption and expedited clearance – because such packages are valued at or less than $800 – to go back into the formal Customs and Border Protection (CBP) clearance process, forcing importers of such imported goods to again pay tariffs.  

Opponents of the legislation claim that, if passed, the act would increase prices for consumers and domestic manufacturers who at times procure imported goods valued at less than $800. The opponents also argue that the legislation would violate the U.S. commitments to the World Trade Organization (WTO), particularly the “Most Favored Nation” clause, which restricts the ability of member countries to discriminate among member countries in the application of tariffs – except under narrowly defined circumstances.  

In introducing the Import Security and Fairness Act, Rep. Blumenauer indicated that he hoped to move the bill quickly, perhaps as part of a massive China-related trade bill that is pending before the House. 

Companies that import either inputs or finished merchandise valued at or less than $800, particularly those that operate or utilize e-commerce platforms, should consider closely monitoring this act and any related legislation, as passage would require the payment of additional duties and would trigger new customs clearance obligations. In addition, courier services that tend to handle small-value package delivery should be attentive to any impacts of such legislation that would complicate their import businesses.