This week, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) issued its largest fine yet: $1.35 million against Tractor Supply. This settlement is significant because it is the first-ever enforcement action involving job applicants under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).

Based on an individual consumer’s complaint, the CPPA found that Tractor Supply failed to:

• Provide a compliant privacy notice to job applicants;
• Inform job applicants of their rights under the CCPA;
• Maintain a sufficient privacy policy;
• Honor opt-outs and browser preference signals (like Global Privacy Controls); and
• Execute appropriate, compliant vendor and advertising contracts.

This enforcement action and settlement agreement is significant for several reasons:

• It reminds companies that job applicant and employee data is fully covered by the CCPA— California is the only state with comprehensive HR privacy obligations;
• It is the largest CPPA fine to date (and it most certainly won’t be the last one for this type of violation);
• It reiterates the point that the CCPA applies to ALL industries — not just tech and data brokers;
• One consumer complaint can snowball; small issues can lead to big investigations (and fines); and
• Fixing problems later won’t erase liability; proactive compliance is essential.

In addition to the fine, Tractor Supply must now conduct five years of strict audits of its website and third-party vendors, submit public reports of annual privacy metrics, monitor opt-out compliance, and perform staff retraining. This five-year compliance program is a strong signal of how the CCPA expects organizations to handle personal data going forward.

Companies can take proactive steps now such as:

• Update privacy notices for job applicants and employees;
• Audit job portals and platforms for compliance gaps;
• Review vendor and ad tech contracts;
• Scan for tracking technologies on your website such as cookies and pixels;
• Maintain a data-sharing inventory; and
• Train HR, marketing, and IT teams on privacy workflows.

California is enforcing applicant and employee privacy with real teeth. Employers and businesses operating in California need to treat applicant and employee data as a top-tier compliance priority. Ignoring these obligations, or waiting until you’re under investigation, can now carry seven-figure consequences.